Electrohydraulic forming (EHF) is a high velocity sheet metal forming process in which two electrodes are positioned in a water filled chamber and a high-voltage discharge between the electrodes generates a high-pressure to form the sheet metal. In this work, extensive experimental tests have been designed based on design of experiments (DOE) technique to investigate the effective parameters in EHF. Discharge energy, stand-off distance, electrode gap and electrode diameter have been considered as effective input parameters. Response surface methodology (RSM) has been used to model and optimize the EHF performance with respect to drawing depth. Base on the results, it can be stated that maximum drawing depth is obtained when discharge energy is minimum and other two factors (stand-off distance and electrode diameter) are maximum. There also exists an optimum amount of electrode gap determined according to the process conditions.

Introduction: Myocardial bridging is a congenital condition in which a segment of a major epicardial coronary artery has an intra myocardial route. Myocardial bridging is usually confined to a single vessel and is typically the mid segment of the left anterior descending artery. Bridging may be associated with chest pain, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death, or usually asymptomatic.Case Report: A 59 year-old women with diabetes mellitus and hypertension presented with dyspnea and chest pain on exercise. Physical exam, electrocardiography and echocardiography were intact. In angiography, we found severe stenosis of left main coronary artery and severe stenosis of three coronary artery (Three Vessel Disease) as well as multiple myocardial Bridges at the end of right coronary artery.Conclusion: Myocardial bridging is a rave condition, however, it be considered in patients facing recurrent chest pain, it has severe complication such as sudden cardiac death.

Background: Enteral nutrition through a Naso-Gastric (NG) tube is a technique often used for hospitalized patients who have problems with oral nutrition. It can reduce patients mortality and morbidity if be performed correctly. Several methods are used to reduce risk of misplacement of the tube. In present study, we suggest a type of guide Wire for correct placement of NG tubes.Methods: It was a clinical trial study carried out in operation room of Al-Zahra hospital, Isfahan, on 60 patients. After abdominal incision, NG tube was placed using guide Wire in first group (n=30) and without it in second group (n=30). Patients’ profiles, times of trial for tube placement, as well as complications were completely registered and analyzed by SPSS (ver.13).Findings: Mean age of patients was 44.9 years (rang: 18-60). The results show that the mean of trials in first group was 1.26, compared with 2.13  in second group (P-value: 0.011). Seven patients in first group and 11 patients in second group confronted with early complications during performing the procedure. These complications were tube entrapment in nasopharynx (16% in first group and 20% in second group), epistaxis (3% in both groups), and revolving of the tube (3% in first group and 13% in second group) (P-value>0.05).Conclusion: It seems that use of guide Wire for placing the NG tube lead to lower misplacement of the device and may reduce the risk of further complications.

Cutting with high accuracy is possible using Wire electrical discharge machining or WEDM. Nonetheless, while machining parts, amplitude of vibration causes inaccuracy of cutting. The main topic of this research is investigating the factors affecting amplitude of vibration of the Wire-tool in WEDM using mathematical governing equation of motion of Wire electrode. Hence, machining and finding ways to reduce the amplitude of vibration is the main purpose of this research. The consequence of reducing amplitude of Wire vibration is cutting with higher accuracy and having smoother finished surface. In this research, the governing equations of motion of the Wire-tool vibration are obtained using the Euler-Bernoulli beam model, fixed at both ends and moving in axial direction. The Wire undergoes different forces including the body force produced by electrical discharge, damping force caused by the dielectric fluid, thermal force produced in the machining area and the axial force. Thereafter, the partial differential equation of motion of the Wire-tool is converted to an ODE equation using Galerkin's method and then it will be solved using fourth order Runge-Kutta method. The results of this research show that the amplitude of vibration can be decreased by increasing the axial force and the decreasing of electrical discharge frequency, Wire length, temperature differences and reduction of the workpiece width. Also, the results show that increasing the temperature by 70 degrees in the axial force of 17.5N can lead to a 60% increase in the vibration amplitude of the Wire. Also, the results show that increasing the temperature by 70 degrees in the axial force of 17.5N can lead to a 60% increase in the vibration amplitude of the Wire.

Myocardial Bridge is a benign congenital anomaly in which a segment of major epicardial coronary arteries descends into the myocardium for a variable distance. Myocardial Bridge is most often single and located in the middle part of the left anterior descending artery. The presence of more than one myocardial Bridge in coronary arteries is very rare. We present a patient with more than one myocardial Bridge in the left anterior descending artery.The case was a 55- year old man, referred to our clinic with the complaint of atypical chest pain. In the radionuclide study a reversible ischemia in the anterior wall was found. For this abnormal finding, he underwent a coronary angiography and it showed two myocardial Bridges in the mid and end segments of the left anterior descending artery.Since myocardial Bridge is usually single, the present case with two consecutive myocardial Bridges in one artery can be presented as a very rare case report.

The Wires used in the Wire EDM process are of great importance in this new machining process as the cutting agent of the workpiece. Factors such as the diameter of these Wires, their material, and their manufacturing method make their production simply not possible. In the upcoming research, a widely used type of Chinese Wire in the domestic industry has been selected, examined, and analyzed. In the early stages of the research, the Chinese Wire sample was elementally analyzed and its compounds were extracted, then it was subjected to a tensile test and its mechanical properties were also extracted. In the next steps, the Wire was made with the aim of making a Chinese model by two methods of casting and extrusion and was again subjected to chemical analysis and tensile test. Also, in the final stage, all the Wires made on the Wire EDM machine were put under the same parameters and conditions and tested on a piece of work. The important innovation of the current research is in making Wire EDM Wire by extrusion method for mass production inside the country. The manufactured Wire sample has up to 80% more strength than Chinese Wire and is also 10 times softer than that, which increases the strength and softness of the Wire leading to greater resistance of the Wire and reducing the possibility of its tearing during machining operations.

Changes of up to 80°C has been reported for oral cavity temperature. This could well effecti on the nature of restorations for example failure of bonding of adhesive restorations. It is advocated that using opaque layer in porcelane to restorations could reduce this problem. This experimental study was designed to evaluate the effect mentioned using finitelement analysis method.Results showed that cooling has a more destructive effect than warming process restorations with the presence of opaque having a finitelement analysis effect on restorations.

In this paper, a new feeding structure is applied in the patch antenna design to overcome undesirable features of the earlier multilayer feeding structures while maintaining their interesting features.To more readily understand the operation mechanism of proposed feeding structure, an efficient circuit model has been also presented.It is known that proximity and aperture coupled feeding structures are sensitive to the transverse feed point location. In contrast, the proposed feeding architecture is very easy to fabricate and it overcomes the alignment difficulties arising from the proximity and aperture coupled feeding structures. The CST simulation results, analytic results and measurement ones show good agreement with each other. Moreover, a new miniaturization technique which is based on using High Impedance Wire (HIW) structures has been introduced. Due to their artificial high permeability properties, using proposed method, someone may miniaturize conventional patch antenna without bandwidth and efficiency corruption. Applying suggested method to the proposed antenna structure, two different feeding structures have been designed and compared. Finally, by using AMC structures to load HIW, more miniaturization factor has been achieved.

Bridges play a critical role in the transportation system network, accordingly, assuring satisfaction with the service level of these structures is vital for Bridge maintenance managers. Thus, it is vital to determine the optimum Bridge maintenance plan (i. e., the optimum timing and type of repair activities applied to the Bridge elements) considering the budget limitations. To optimize the Bridge maintenance plan, some researchers have focused on developing optimization models, including the Genetic Algorithm (GA). However, a few studies have employed Bridge Information Modeling (BrIM) to enhance Bridge maintenance management. This study focuses on developing an integrated framework based on BrIM and Bridge maintenance optimization to utilize visualization capabilities of BrIM to assist maintenance managers in making decisions. The presented framework optimizes the Bridge maintenance plan at the sub-element level. The BrIM automatically feeds into the developed GA optimization system. The introduced framework is successfully verified using a real-world case study.